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We Spaniards are the people that have done the most in the history of humanity, even shaping the world we inhabit. But also the people most ashamed of their triumphs, their achievements, their victories and their discoveries. The authors dismantle the most controversial elements of the Black Legend, both the traditional one - the Inquisition, the expulsion of the Jews, the conquest of America, the scientific and cultural backwardness, slavery - and the one renewed by the work of the nazionalisms.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute...

Como nuevo aporte a la comprensión de los estudios sobre la Campaña Nacional (1856-1857) se presenta la obra "Campaña Nacional, crisis económica y capitalismo. Costa Rica en la época de Juan Rafael Mora" que analiza, con rigor, la compleja situación económica mundial y sus efectos en Costa Rica, república que surgía de manera laboriosa y soberana gracias al comercio internacional del café.

Durante el ano de 1860 se prolongo el estado de guerra entre liberales y conservadores, que recurrian a cualquier medio para aportar recursos a su causa. Mas de un ano de conflicto armado mantenia a los negocios en situacion critica, mientras inversionistas afortunados conseguian grandes beneficios de las operaciones de prestamos, incautaciones y aprovisionamiento de ambos gobiernos en pugna. Esta situacion se refleja en los protocolos notariales, en los que la diversidad de operaciones financieras y la intranquilidad de los propietarios proporcionan un fiel retrato de la situacion. Esta guia ...